NEJMÊÙ¶¯²ñ2003 Âè5²ó03/02/19 ¼Â»Ü A¥×¥ê¥ó¥È Case 4-2002:
A 75-Year-Old Man with Acute Renal Failure Five Months after Cystoprostatectomy and Urethrectomy for Carcinoma
¡ÊVolume 346(5)¡Ë
¨¡¨¡¨¡ç¯æùÁ°Î©Á£Ç¢Æ»ÀÚ½ü¸å£µ¥ö·î¤Ç¡¢µÞÀ­¿ÕÉÔÁ´¤òȯ¾É¤·¤¿£·£µºÐÃËÀ­¨¡¨¡¨¡

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  £µ¥ö·îÁ°¤ËÁ°Î©Á£Á£´â¡¢Ç¢Æ»¤ÎÆýƬ¾õ°Ü¹Ô¾åÈé´â¤ËÂФ·¡¢ ç¯æùÁ°Î©Á£Á´Å¦½Ñ¡¥Ç¢Æ»ÀÚ½ü½Ñ¤ò»Ü¹Ô¡£²óIJƳ´Éileal conduit¤ÇǢϩ¤òºÆ·ú¤·¤¿¡£½Ñ¸å¡¢£³½µ´Ö¡¢ËãáãÀ­¥¤¥ì¥¦¥¹¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡£¡ÊTable 1¤ËÆþ±¡£±£¸ÆüÁ°¤Î¸¡ºº¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¢¤ê¡£¡Ë
  Æþ±¡£²½µ´ÖÁ°¡¢·ñÂÕ´¶,ÈùÇ®, °­´¨¡¢¿©ÍßÉÔ¿¶¤òÁʤ¨¤¿¤¿¤á¡¢Ofloxacin ½èÊý¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢»¶È¯Åª¤ËÉþÍѤ·¤¿¤À¤±¤À¤Ã¤¿¤¿¤á¡¢¾É¾õ¤Ï²þÁ±¤·¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
  ³°Íè¤Ç¡¢Ç¢Ï©Â¤±Æ»£±ÆË¡¤Ç¡¢Î¾Â¦¤Î¿Õ¡¤¬¤«¤¹¤«¤ÊÉÔÆ©ÌÀ²½¤·¤¿¤Î¤¬È½ÌÀ¤·¡¢¤½¤ÎÆü¤ËÆþ±¡¡£(¸¶Ê¸¡§ a urographic examination disclosed faint opacification of the kidneys; there was no contrast material within the collecting systems and no hydronephrosis.)¿å¿Õ¾É¤â¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£(Figure 1)
 
¡Ú´û±ýÎò¡Û ¹â·ì°µ¡Êenalapril¡§ACEÁ˳²¤Ç²ÃÎÅÃæ¡£¡Ë ˳Ǣ¤ä·ìÇ¢¡Êred urine¡Ë¤ònote¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤¬¤Ê¤¤
¡ÚÀ¸³èÎò¡Û alcohol (-), cigarettes (-)¡¡¾¯Î̤Îibuprofen¤ò°û¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤¿¡£
¡ÚÆþ±¡»þ¸½¾É¡Ûappeared chronically ill
<GENERAL STATUS & VITAL SIGNS> BW ·ò¹¯»þ¤ËÈæ¤Ù¡¢ÂνŤ¬£²£ë£ç¸º¾¯¤·¤¿¡£BT 36.6¡î, BP 120/70¡¡mmHg, PR 64/min , RR 18/min
<HEENT> [Eyes] conj: not anemic & not icteric, pupils: round & isocoric. [Ears & Nose] n.p. [Oral Cavity] tongue: n.p. [Neck] no goiter, bruit(-).¡¡His head, neck, and lungs were normal
<LUNG> normal vesicular sound, no crackles.
<HEART> ­µ¢ª,­¶¢ª,­·(-),­¸(-),¡¡±¦¶»¹ü±ï¤Ë±è¤Ã¤Æsystolic murmur¡Êgrade 1 ¡Ë
<ABDOMEN> ±¦¾åÊ¢Éô¤Ë¸Â¶É¤·¤¿Ëɸæ¤òȼ¤Ã¤¿°µÄˤ¢¤ê¡ÊÈ¿Ä·°µÄˤϤʤ¤¡Ë¡£²óIJáñ¤ÏÀµ¾ï¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ç¡¢¥É¥ì¡¼¥ó¤µ¤ì¤¿Ç¢¤ÏÇ»½Ì¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢·ìÀ­¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
<EXTREMITIES> pitting edema(-)
¡ÚÆþ±¡»þ¸¡ºº½ê¸«¡Û(Table 1¤ò»²¾È)
<CBC> WBC 10.5¡ß103/¦Ìl, Ht 27.9% , Plt 52.1¡ß104/¦Ìl
<CHEMISTRY> LDH 303 IU/l, AST 44 IU/l, ALP 190 IU/l, BUN 71mg/dl, Cr 5.3mg/dl, Na 132 mEq/l, K 5.3 mEq/l, Cl 95 mEq/l, cCa 8.3 mg/dl, iP 5.0 mg/dl, Glu 159mg/dl
<COAGULATION> PT normal
<U/A> Prot(+), RBC 20¡Á40 /HPF, WBC 5¡Á10/HPF.without casts or bacteria.
(¸¶Ê¸¡§the urine was trace positive for protein)
PSA less than 0.5 ¦Ìg per liter. Carbon dioxide 21.2 mmol/liter
 
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<ECG> normal
<Ê¢Éô¡¦¹üÈפ±ÆCT> intraabdominal mass¤Ê¤·¡£
<Ê¢Éô¥¨¥³¡¼> a normal common bile duct, a tiny polyp in the gallbladder, and no evidence of cholecystitis. Ç¢Àоɡ¢¿å¿Õ¾É¤Îħ¸õ¤Ê¤·¡£´Î¿Õ¥³¥ó¥È¥é¥¹¥È ; the kidneys were hyperechoic in relation to the liver.
<Ç¢¤ÎºÙ˦³ØŪ¸¡ºº> degenerate epithelial cells ¤¢¤ê¡£cancerous cells¤À¤È¹Í¤¨¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£°Ü¹Ô¾åÈéºÙ˦´â¤ÎºÆȯ¤Î²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤¬¤Ã¤¿¡£·ì±Õ¡¢Ç¢¤ÎÇÝÍܤǤ϶ݤ¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
<99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy> degenerative changes.¤¢¤ê,ž°Ü¤ò¼¨¤¹½ê¸«¤Ï¤Ê¤·¡£
 
¡ÚÆþ±¡Ãæ¤Ë¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿Æü측ºº¡Û
  ²óIJ¤Î¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËµÕ¹ÔÀ­¤Ë¤±ÆºÞ¤òÃíÆþ¤·¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¢·ç»Áü¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¿ÕÇÕ¡¢¿ÕⳤÏÀµ¾ï¡£¡Ê¸¶Ê¸¡§Retrograde examination of the ileal loop after the administration of contrast material revealed no filling defects; reflux of contrast material into both ureters showed that the calyces and pelves were normal.¡Ë
 
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  Í¢±Õ¡ÊÅŲò¼Á¡Ë¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¡¢¥È¥ê¥á¥È¥×¥ê¥à¡Ê¹³¶ÝÌô¡Ë¥¹¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥á¥È¥­¥µ¥¾¡¼¥ë¡¢¥ª¥á¥×¥é¥¾¡¼¥ë¡Ê¹³ÄÙáçÌô¡Ë¤¬·Ð¸ýÅêÍ¿¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£Âβ¹¤ÏÆþ±¡¤·¤Æ¤«¤é£¸Æü´Ö¡¢37.7¡ëC¤«¤é 38.8¡ëC ¤Î´Ö¤Ë¾å¾º¤·¡¢¤½¤Î´Ö¡¢£Â£Õ£Î¡¢creatinine levels¤Ï¡¢Æü¡¹¾å¾º¤·¤¿¡£±¦¾åÊ¢Éô¤Î°µÄË¡§Tenderness¤Ï½ù¡¹¤Ë¸º¾¯¤·¤¿¡£
 
Æþ±¡¸å ºÇ½é¤Î¥ì¥ó¥È¥²¥ó¸¡ºº°Ê¹ß¡¢Ç¢Î̤¬¸º¾¯¤·¤¿¡£
Æþ±¡¸å£´ÆüÌÜ¡¢ Ç¢Î̤¬25 ml per hour ¤ËÁý¤¨¤¿¡Ê¤½¤Î»þ¡¢Ç¢¤Î¿§¤Ï¥Ô¥ó¥¯¿§¤À¤Ã¤¿¡£¡Ë¡Ê¸¡ººTable 1¡Ë
Æþ±¡¸å£µÆü¡Á£¹ÆüÌÜ¡¢ £±Æü¤ÎÊ¿¶ÑÇ¢Î̤Ï1380 ml¡Ê¿§¤Ï¥Ô¥ó¥¯¿§¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¡Ë£Â£Õ£Î¡¤creatinine levels ¤Ï¡¢¤À¤ó¤À¤ó¤È¾å¾º¤ò³¤±¤¿¡£
Æþ±¡¸å£¸ÆüÌÜ¡¢ ÀÖ·ìµåÍ¢·ì¤¬°ìñ°Ì¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£¥×¥ì¥É¥Ë¥ó(60 mg daily)¤¬³«»Ï¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
Æþ±¡¸å£¹ÆüÌÜ¡¢ Ç®¤¬²¼¤¬¤ê¡¢¾É¾õ¤¬¤«¤Ê¤ê²þÁ±¤·¤¿¡£¡Ê¸¡ºº¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¢¤ê Table 1¡Ë
Æþ±¡¸å£±£°ÆüÌÜ¡¢ Ç¢ÎÌ815 ml¡£Âβ¹37.4¡ëC¡£·ì°µ¡¢180/120 mm Hg.¸ÆµÛº¤Æñ½Ð¸½¡£ ¸ÆµÛ²»¤Ïº¸±¦¤Ç¼å¤Þ¤ê¡¢Î¾²¼ÇÙÌî¤Ëcrackles¡£Éâ¼ð¤Ê¤·¡£¡Ê¸¡ºº¡Ë¥Þ¥¹¥¯¤Ë¤è¤ë2l/ʬ¤Î»ÀÁÇÅê²¼¤Ç¡¢ pH 7.41¡¡PaO2 100 mm Hg¡¢PCO£² 33 mm Hg
<A D-dimer test> 2.0 ¡Á 8.0 ¦Ìg per milliliter (positive)
<CXR> bilateral air-space opacities and interstitial edema; the heart was slightly enlarged. asymmetric pulmonary edema¤Î½ê¸«
<ECG> probable atrial fibrillation¡¢a ventricular rate of 140 beats per minute nonspecific ST-segment and T-wave abnormalities.
Metoprolol, nitroglycerin, furosemide, and hydrochlorothiazide ¤òÅêÌô¤·¡¢heart rhythm¤Ï¤¹¤°¤ËÀµ¾ï¤ËÌá¤ê¡¢¤½¤Î¸å¤Î¿´ÅſޤǤϡ¢¿ÇÃÇŪ¤Ë»²¹Í¤Ë¤Ê¤ëÊѲ½¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£CK¤ÏÀµ¾ïÈÏ°ÏÆâ¤Ë¤È¤É¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¡£·ì±ÕÆ©ÀϤ¬»Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¡£¡Êwith a net removal of 2 liters of fluid¡Ë¡£¥Ø¥Ñ¥ê¥ó¤Î»ý³ÅêÍ¿¤â³«»Ï¤·¤¿¡£
Æþ±¡¸å£±£±ÆüÌÜ¡¢ ·ì°µ145/80 mm Hg¡£Crackles¤¬¾¯¤·¡¢ÇÙÄìlung bases¤Çʹ¤³¤¨¤¿¡£¿´²»Àµ¾ï¡£
£Ð£Ô¡¡14.7 s¡Êcontrol value of 12.2 seconds¡Ë
APTT 65.4 s¡Êthe partial-thromboplastin time¡Ë
<ÇÙ´¹µ¤¡¦·ìή¥·¥ó¥Á¥°¥é¥Õ>¡¡¶»Éô£ØÀþ¼Ì¿¿¤Î¼Â¼Á¤ÎÉÔÆ©ÌÀ¤ÊÉôʬ¤Ë°ìÃפ¹¤ë¡¢Â¿È¯¤Î·ìή·ç»¤¬¸«¤é¤ì¤¿¡£(¸¶Ê¸¡§multiple perfusion defects that corresponded to the regions of parenchymal opacities on the chest radiograph)
·ì±Õ¡¢Ç¢¤ÎÇÝÍÜɸËܤ«¤é¶Ý¤Ï¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£¡Ê¸¡ºº¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¢¤ê Table 1¡Ë
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Æþ±¡¸å£±£²ÆüÌÜ¡¢ ¤¢¤ë¿ÇÃÇŪ¼êµ»¤¬»Ü¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿¡¥¡Ê¸¡ºº¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¢¤ê Table 1¡Ë

 
 

 
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¡¦ileal conduit¡¡¡Ê²óIJ¤ÎÍ·Î¥ÀÚÊÒ¤òç¯æù¤«¤éÈéÉæ¤Øľ·ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¤È¤·¤ÆƯ¤«¤»¤ë¤³¤È¡¥Æ³´ÉÆâ¤Ë¤Ïξ¦Ǣ´É¤¬Àܳ¤µ¤ì¡¤Æ³´É¤Î¾ü¤ÎÆâ¹Ð¤ÏÈéÉæ¤Ë°Ü¿¢¤µ¤ì¤ë¡¥ç¯æùÁ´Å¦¤Î¸å¤Þ¤¿¤Ïç¯æù¤ÎÀµ¾ï¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¼º¤ï¤ì¤¿¤È¤­¡¤ç¯æù¤è¤ê¾åÉô¤ÇǢϩÊѹ¹¤¬É¬ÍפȤʤ뤿¤á¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤ë¡Ë¡¥
¡¦¥ª¥Õ¥í¥­¥µ¥·¥ó,¡¡¹çÀ®¹³¶ÝºÞ(¿·¥­¥Î¥í¥ó·Ï)
¡¦ibuprofen¡§Èó¥¹¥Æ¥í¥¤¥ÉÀ­¾Ã±êÄÃÄËÌô
¡¦¿å¿Õ¾É¡ÊÊÒ¦¤Þ¤¿¤Ïξ¦¤Î¿Õⳤª¤è¤Ó¿ÕÇդγÈÄ¥¤Ç¡¤Ç¢Ï©¤ÎÊĺɡ¤ç¯æùÇ¢´ÉµÕή¤Î·ë²Ìµ¯¤³¤ë
¡¦²óIJ¤Î¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËµÕ¹ÔÀ­¤Ë¤±ÆºÞ¤òÃíÆþ¤·¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¢·ç»Áü¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¿ÕÇÕ¡¢¿ÕⳤÏÀµ¾ï¡£ Retrograde examination of the ileal loop after the administration of contrast material revealed no filling defects; reflux of contrast material into both ureters showed that the calyces and pelves were normal.
¡¦Î¾²¼ÇÙÌî¡Êover the lower third of both lung fields¡Ë
¡¦A D-dimer test¡¡2.0 ¡Á 8.0 ¦Ìg per milliliter¡Ê0.72 °Ê²¼¡§FDP¤È¤ÎÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤Ë¤è¤ê°ì¼¡¡¦Æó¼¡ÀþÍÏж¿Ê¾õÂ֤δÕÊ̤ËÍ­ÍÑ¡£Àþ°ÝÁÇÍϲòÎÅË¡»þ¤Î¥â¥Ë¥¿¡¼¤È¤·¤Æ¤âÍ­ÍѤʸ¡ºº¡£ ¡Ë
¡¦£Ð£Ô¡¡14.7 £ó¡Êcontrol value of 12.2 seconds¡Ë³°°ø·Ï¤Î¶Å¸Ç³èÀ­¡¡ÂоȡÞ1.0ÉÃ
¡¦APTT¡Ê the partial-thromboplastin time¡Ë 65.4 seconds. ¡¡Æâ°øÀ­¶Å¸Ç³èÀ­¤Î»Øɸ
¡¦¶»Éô£ØÀþ¼Ì¿¿¤Î¼Â¼Á¤ÎÉÔÆ©ÌÀ¤ÊÉôʬ¤Ë°ìÃפ¹¤ë¡¢Â¿È¯¤Î·ìή·ç»¤¬¸«¤é¤ì¤¿¡£multiple perfusion defects that corresponded to the regions of parenchymal opacities on the chest radiograph.
 
 

 
 
Figure 1. Radiologic Images Obtained after the Intravenous Administration of Contrast Material. ¡¦On a radiograph obtained 90 minutes after the administration of contrast material (Panel A), the kidneys are faintly opacified, and the urinary tracts are not visible. In the right lower quadrant, contrast material is collecting in a bag over the patient's urinary ileal loop. The scattered opacities around the periphery of the radiograph indicate that there is residual enteric contrast material within colonic diverticula (Radiology): Figure 1A(A plain-film radiograph ) for a urographic study. The faint opacification in the right lower quadrant corresponds to urine collecting within the bag overlying the ostomy for the ileal loop.
 
. A renal tomogram (Panel B), which was obtained 10 minutes later, shows that there is no contrast material in the intrarenal urinary tracts. Figure 1B(A tomogram) confirms that the kidneys are very faintly opacified, with no evidence of contrast material within the intrarenal collecting system.